DAC (Direct Air Capture) Technology that removes carbon dioxide directly from ambient air for permanent sequestration. Durable Carbon Removal Carbon removal with long-term permanence (generally 1,000+ years), typically via geologic storage. VCM (Voluntary Carbon Market) Private market where corporations purchase carbon removal credits to meet net-zero commitments. Scope 1 Carbon Removal Credit Verified physical capture and permanent sequestration of CO₂ attributed within the sector generating the removal. Scope 3 Reduction Credit Accounting recognition of avoided or reduced emissions within downstream corporate value chains. 45Q U.S. federal tax credit providing $180 per metric ton for DAC with permanent geologic storage. Scales with tonnage and has no statutory volume cap. EBITDA Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization. Measure of operating profitability before capital structure and non-cash expenses. Free Cash Flow (FCF) Operating cash flow minus capital expenditures. Represents cash available for reinvestment or distribution. CAPEX (Capital Expenditures) Capital invested in manufacturing, deployment, and scaling of CO₂Rail capture railcars and infrastructure. IRR (Internal Rate of Return) Annualized compounded return implied by modeled cash flows and terminal value. Enterprise Value (EV) Total company value including equity and debt, minus excess cash. 7× EBITDA Valuation Enterprise value calculated at seven times projected EBITDA. MRV (Monitoring, Reporting, and Verification) Standards and protocols ensuring carbon removal credits are measurable and verifiable.
